Chapter 11

Respiratory Systems

A. Multiple Choice

Key/

Page

No.

b

495 1. The individual pressure exerted independently by a particular gas within a mixture of gases is known as its ______________.

a. diffusion pressure

b. partial pressure

c. gradient pressure

d. equilibrium pressure

e. total pressure

d

494,

495 2. Diffusion directly depends on the ____________.

a. partial pressure gradient

b. solubility of the gas in water

c. distance

d. two of these

e. all of these

b

498 3. In water, gas solubility ______________as temperature increases.

a. increases

b. decreases

c. remains the same

c

498 4. Variation in availability of oxygen among different animal habitats affects the ___________ component of Fick’s law.

a. A

b. D

c. ∆P

d. ∆X

e. none of these.

b

499 5. The structure of fish gills enhance diffusion by having a

a. low “D” value.

b. low ∆X.

c. low “A” value.

d. high ∆P.

e. two of these.

a

497,

498 6. Which of the following is NOT true?

a. The rate of diffusion of gases is about the same for water and air environments.

b. Proteins convert gases between diffusible and nondiffusible forms.

c. Trachea have a high “D” value.

d. Sinking cold water oxygenates the lower regions of oceans.

e. Cilia provide water flow for oxygenation in aquatic Paramecium.

a

494,

495 7. The single-celled protists are often elongated rather than spherical in order to

a. decrease ∆X from environment to mitochondria.

b. increase “D.”

c. increase ∆P.

d. increase “A.”

d

548 8. Neural control of respiration

a. involves factors that regulate the magnitude of ventilation to match physiological needs.

b. factors that modify respiratory activity to serve other purposes.

c. the neural pattern generator program responsible for the alternating inspiration/expiration rhythm.

d. all of these.

e. none of these.

e

502 9. Aquatic respiratory systems can perform non respiratory functions like

a. fluid and solute balance.

b. acid-base balance.

c. excretion.

d. nutrient and mineral uptake.

e. all of these.

e

509 10. To accommodate for their high surface to volume ratio, smaller mammals

a. reduce the size of each alveolus.

b. increase alveolar density.

c. increase the density of capillaries used in gas exchange.

d. reduce the size of each alveolus and increase alveolar density.

e. all of these.

d

548,

549 11. Which of the following is NOT true?

a. When the dorsal respiratory group stops firing, expiration occurs.

b. The ventral respiratory group becomes active during periods of increased ventilation.

c. In mammals it is thought ventilation rhythm is established in the pre-Botzinger complex.

d. The pneumotaxic center sends impulses to the dorsal respiratory group that help switch on the inspiratory neurons.

e. None of these.